This MA thesis provides the first complete English translation of the Commentary on Enlightened Mind (Bodhicittavivaraṇa), [called] An Elucidation of the Meaning of Words, which is a 15th- century Tibetan commentary authored by the fourth Zhwa dmar pa Chos grags ye shes (1453-1524) on the Bodhicittavivaraṇa, which is attributed to tantric Nāgārjuna. Building on this translation, the thesis explores the concept of ultimate reality in the Karma Bka' brgyud school of Tibetan Buddhism, focusing on the philosophical position of the fourth Zhwa dmar pa. It investigates how he articulates the central Bka' brgyud view of a moderate gzhan stong Madhyamaka: a position that regards both the true nature and adventitious stains as empty of own being, while distinguishing them experientially. After giving an overview of relevant concepts, the fourth Zhwa dmar pa's position is compared to that of his two most prominent teachers-the seventh Karma pa Chos grags rgya mtsho (1454-1506) and 'Gos lo tsa ba Gzhon nu dpal (1392-1481)-and with that of the third Karma pa Rang byung rdo rje (1284-1339), who was the first to introduce this moderate gzhan stong view in the Bka' brgyud school. Their respective understandings of ultimate reality, tathāgatagarbha (Buddha-nature), and ālayavijñāna are examined and compared. The thesis concludes that the fourth Zhwa dmar pa follows 'Gos lo tsa ba in presenting moderate gzhan stong

as a direct approach to luminous emptiness-a position that views the Prajñāpāramitā sūtras of the

second turning as compatible with the third turning and for which the Bodhicittavivaraṇa provides

an essential doctrinal foundation.