This presentation explores the construction of women's identity in Marathwada through literary sources. On the backdrop of the contestations that took place in earlier times, women's issues that were discussed at the time when Marathwada was transferred from Hyderabad state to Bombay state in 1956 are examined. The analysis of selected forms of literature shows that women's identity in this particular period, though collectively shared, became more sharply defined because of the language issue combined with the women's efforts to obtain better education.